Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

4.6K
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
4.6K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.1K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.1K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

9.9K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
9.9K
Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

72.7K
Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
72.7K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

16.0K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
16.0K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

4.8K
4.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same authorSame journal

How precise are mutation rate estimates? Comparison of different approaches to estimate de novo mutation rates.

Heredity·2026
Same author

Evolution of a ZW sex determination system in sticklebacks.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Evolution induced state shifts in a long-term microbial community experiment.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Assessing the Genetic Health and Conservation Value of an Introduced Urban Population of a Critically Endangered Parrot.

Evolutionary applications·2026
Same author

Balanced polymorphism underlies long-standing adaptation for seasonal camouflage in the least weasel.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Population Genomics of Endangered Lenoks (Brachymystax spp.) in China Reveals the Presence of Cryptic Species.

Systematic biology·2026
Same journal

Landscape genetics of the copal tree, Bursera cuneata (Burseraceae): the key role of the tropical dry forest in shaping connectivity at the regional scale.

Heredity·2026
Same journal

From Paleogene to Anthropocene: phylogeography, geographic patterns of traits, and chronology of evolutionary drivers in northeast Asian anurans.

Heredity·2026
Same journal

It is hard to be small: Inbreeding depression on male breeding success depends on body size in a threatened songbird.

Heredity·2026
Same journal

Insights from farming Macrocystis pyrifera offshore: phenotypic analysis, genome-wide association studies, genomic selection.

Heredity·2026
Same journal

Genomic prediction of wild-derived powdery mildew resistance for strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) pre-breeding.

Heredity·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization
13:55

Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization

Published on: February 3, 2013

18.5K

Predicting recombination frequency from map distance.

Mikko Kivikoski1, Pasi Rastas2, Ari Löytynoja2

  • 1Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland. mikko.kivikoski@helsinki.fi.

Heredity
|December 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic map distance, crucial for understanding crossovers, is inaccurately estimated by traditional mapping functions with high-density marker data. A new piecewise function improves recombination frequency predictions, showing this association is context-dependent.

More Related Videos

Determination of the Optimal Chromosomal Locations for a DNA Element in Escherichia coli Using a Novel Transposon-mediated Approach
11:12

Determination of the Optimal Chromosomal Locations for a DNA Element in Escherichia coli Using a Novel Transposon-mediated Approach

Published on: September 11, 2017

7.6K
Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis
10:08

Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Published on: August 12, 2019

17.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization
13:55

Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization

Published on: February 3, 2013

18.5K
Determination of the Optimal Chromosomal Locations for a DNA Element in Escherichia coli Using a Novel Transposon-mediated Approach
11:12

Determination of the Optimal Chromosomal Locations for a DNA Element in Escherichia coli Using a Novel Transposon-mediated Approach

Published on: September 11, 2017

7.6K
Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis
10:08

Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Published on: August 12, 2019

17.3K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Genomic mapping
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Map distance estimates crossovers between genetic loci.
  • Traditional mapping functions (Haldane, Kosambi) were developed for low-density markers.
  • High-density data simplifies adjacent locus recombination but complicates long intervals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate the accuracy of existing mapping functions with high-density data.
  • Address the interpretation problem of additive map distance over long intervals.
  • Develop a more accurate method for predicting recombination frequency from map distance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of high-density linkage maps from human and stickleback fish data.
  • Comparison of recombination frequency predictions using Haldane's and Kosambi's mapping functions.
  • Formulation and testing of a novel piecewise mapping function.

Main Results:

  • Haldane's and Kosambi's mapping functions systematically underpredict recombination frequencies from map distance in high-density maps.
  • The developed piecewise function provides more accurate predictions.
  • The relationship between map distance and recombination frequency is not universal.

Conclusions:

  • Existing mapping functions are inadequate for high-density genetic maps.
  • A context-dependent, piecewise function is necessary for accurate recombination frequency estimation.
  • Future genetic mapping studies require updated approaches for interpreting map distance.