Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2025
10:42
Generation and Culturing of Primary Human Keratinocytes from Adult Skin
Published on: December 22, 2017
16.5K
Stimulation with THBS4 activates pathways that regulate proliferation, migration and inflammation in primary human
Kristina Mäemets-Allas1, Mariliis Klaas1, Claudia Griselda Cárdenas-León1
1Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|December 25, 2022
Summary
Thrombospondin-4 (THBS4) promotes skin cell migration and proliferation, aiding wound healing. This protein also influences pathways involved in inflammatory skin diseases like atopic dermatitis.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The skin's extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support and regulates cell behavior.
- Nonstructural ECM proteins, like thrombospondin-4 (THBS4), are dynamically regulated.
- Previous studies indicated THBS4 stimulates cutaneous wound healing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of THBS4 in keratinocyte migration and proliferation in 3D skin models.
- To identify signaling pathways regulated by THBS4 in keratinocytes.
- To explore the potential link between THBS4 and inflammatory skin diseases.
Main Methods:
- Proteotranscriptomic analysis of primary keratinocytes stimulated with THBS4.
- 3D cell culture models to assess keratinocyte migration and proliferation.
Main Results:
- THBS4 significantly enhanced primary keratinocyte migration in 3D models.
- Proteotranscriptomic analysis revealed THBS4 regulates pathways involved in cell proliferation, migration, inflammation, and differentiation.
- Specific genes (e.g., IL37, TSLP) regulated by THBS4 are implicated in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
Conclusions:
- THBS4 is a promising therapeutic candidate for enhancing cutaneous wound healing.
- There is a potential overlap between pathways promoting wound healing and those involved in inflammatory skin conditions.
- THBS4's multifaceted effects suggest a role in both tissue repair and inflammatory skin disease pathways.
Related Concept Videos
01:16TGF - β Signaling Pathway
7.6K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.6K
01:12Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells
2.6K
The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
2.6K
01:06Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell
3.8K
A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
3.8K
02:33Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
7.4K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
7.4K
01:23Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
2.7K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
2.7K
01:17Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.7K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.7K