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The Association between Vitamin D Levels and Thrombus Burden in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Faysal Şaylık1, Murat Selçuk2, Tayyar Akbulut1

  • 1Van Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Van, Turkey.

The Journal of Tehran Heart Center
|December 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Low vitamin D levels are linked to high thrombus burden in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Vitamin D deficiency independently predicts this condition, impacting treatment outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Predicting high thrombus burden (HTB) before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is critical for managing ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  • The role of vitamin D levels as a potential predictor of HTB in STEMI patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between vitamin D levels and high thrombus burden (HTB) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary PCI.
  • To determine if vitamin D levels can serve as an independent predictor of HTB in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, observational study involving 257 STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI.
  • Patients were categorized into high thrombus burden (HTB) and low thrombus burden (LTB) groups based on thrombus burden grade.
  • Demographic, laboratory, and angiographic features, including vitamin D levels, were compared between the groups.

Main Results:

  • Patients with HTB exhibited significantly lower vitamin D levels (8.0 ng/mL) compared to those with LTB (17.9 ng/mL).
  • Low vitamin D levels were associated with poorer post-PCI outcomes, including reduced TIMI flow, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade, and ST resolution.
  • Multivariable analysis identified vitamin D as an independent predictor of HTB (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.70-0.82; P<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D levels are an independent predictor of high thrombus burden in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI.
  • A vitamin D level >17.6 ng/mL was identified as an optimal threshold for predicting HTB, with high sensitivity and specificity.

Keywords:
Coronary thrombosisST elevation myocardial infarctionVitamin D

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