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Detecting Majorana Zero Modes via Strong Field Dynamics.

Niccolò Baldelli1, Utso Bhattacharya1, Daniel González-Cuadra1,2,3

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We propose a protocol to detect topological phase transitions in superconductors using harmonic emission spectra. This method identifies unique spectral features of edge modes, enabling all-optical detection of Majorana zero modes.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Topological phase transitions are crucial in condensed matter physics.
  • One-dimensional p-wave superconductors host exotic edge modes.
  • Detecting these transitions and modes typically requires complex experimental setups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a protocol for detecting topological phase transitions in 1D p-wave superconductors.
  • To identify unique spectral signatures of topological edge modes.
  • To establish high-harmonic spectroscopy as an all-optical tool for detecting Majorana zero modes.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical proposal for detecting topological phase transitions.
  • Analysis of harmonic emission spectra in strong fields.
  • Identification of spectral features linked to radiating edge modes.

Main Results:

  • Distinct spectral features associated with topological edge modes were identified.
  • A measurable signature was defined to differentiate topological and trivial phases.
  • The localized and protected nature of edge modes was confirmed through local probing.

Conclusions:

  • High-harmonic spectroscopy offers an all-optical method for detecting topological phase transitions.
  • The proposed protocol can unambiguously distinguish between topological and trivial phases.
  • This technique provides a pathway for the detection of Majorana zero modes.