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Pro-Inflammatory Alterations of Circulating Monocytes in Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Manuel G Feria1, Cecilia Chang2, Eduardo Ticona3,4

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|December 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is linked to higher cardiovascular risk. LTBI patients show altered monocytes with increased inflammation, potentially contributing to coronary artery disease (CAD).

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Monocyte activation and inflammatory profiles may link LTBI to coronary artery disease (CAD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate monocyte activation and pro-inflammatory profiles in individuals with LTBI.
  • To determine the association between these monocyte alterations and CAD in the LTBI population.

Main Methods:

  • QuantiFERON-TB testing identified LTBI in adults (40-70 years) in Lima, Peru.
  • Coronary computed tomography angiography assessed CAD, and flow cytometry profiled monocyte subsets.
  • Monocytes were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide to measure interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) responses.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with LTBI showed higher expression of CX3CR1 and CD36 on monocyte subsets.
  • LTBI patients had a greater proportion of nonclassical monocytes expressing IL-6 and TNF-α.
  • Lower CX3CR1 and CD36 expression on monocytes correlated with CAD in LTBI individuals.

Conclusions:

  • LTBI is associated with distinct monocyte alterations, suggesting heightened inflammation and altered tissue migration.
  • These monocyte changes may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in LTBI patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasecoronary artery diseaseinflammationlatent tuberculosismonocytes

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