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Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of oxygenic, phototrophic bacteria that played a pivotal role in converting Earth’s atmosphere from anoxic to oxygen-rich billions of years ago. They exhibit remarkable morphological diversity, ranging from unicellular forms to filamentous types, with cell sizes varying between 0.5 μm and 100 μm. Cyanobacteria are classified into five groups: Chroococcales (unicellular, dividing by binary fission), Pleurocapsales (unicellular, dividing by...
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Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a phototrophic process that captures light energy to drive carbon fixation without producing molecular oxygen. Unlike oxygenic photosynthesis, which utilizes water as an electron donor and releases oxygen, anoxygenic phototrophs use alternative electron donors such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), elemental sulfur (S⁰), or thiosulfate (S₂O₃²⁻). This process is carried out by diverse groups of bacteria, including purple bacteria, green...
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Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate...
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Process Technologies of Cyanobacteria.

Marco Witthohn1, Dorina Strieth2, Jonas Kollmen2

  • 1Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Bingen, Germany.

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|December 26, 2022
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Summary

Cyanobacteria offer biotechnological potential, with this work detailing screening, conservation, and cultivation methods. Novel findings on pre-culture influence and photobioreactor designs are presented for enhanced production.

Keywords:
Cell characterizationCyanobacteriaMixo-/Heterotrophic cultivationPhotobioreactorsStrain conservation

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Microbiology
  • Phycology

Background:

  • Cyanobacteria present significant challenges in handling and exploitation.
  • These phototrophic bacteria hold immense potential for innovative biotechnological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of working with cyanobacteria.
  • To cover screening methods, conservation techniques, vitality assessment, and cultivation strategies.
  • To present novel findings on pre-culture influence and photobioreactor designs.

Main Methods:

  • In silico and in vitro screening for bioactive substances.
  • Comparison of conservation techniques and vitality/viability estimation methods.
  • Non-invasive vitality evaluation using pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry.
  • Investigation of pre-culture state influence on main cultures.
  • Analysis of various photobioreactor designs, including biofilm systems.
  • Exploration of heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation modes.

Main Results:

  • Established up-to-date screening and conservation methods.
  • Demonstrated non-invasive vitality evaluation via pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry.
  • Revealed novel insights into the impact of pre-culture conditions on cyanobacterial growth.
  • Compared different photobioreactor designs, highlighting biofilm systems.
  • Summarized literature and presented data on enhanced cyanobacterial production through heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation.

Conclusions:

  • Cyanobacteria offer versatile biotechnological opportunities.
  • Optimized methods for screening, conservation, and cultivation are crucial for harnessing their potential.
  • Novel approaches in photobioreactor design and cultivation modes can significantly enhance production processes.