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A model of evolution for accumulating genetic information.

T Ohta1

  • 1National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|January 21, 1987
PubMed
Summary

This study models gene duplication as an efficient mechanism for accumulating genetic information and functions within multigene families. It shows this evolutionary process is more effective and has a lower genetic load than traditional natural selection models.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Multigene families and repetitive DNA sequences are key to understanding genetic information accumulation.
  • Genetic information can be defined as the repertoire of distinct functions a gene family performs.
  • Genetic diversity, a measure correlated with genetic information, is central to evolutionary models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a model of evolution by gene duplication for accumulating genetic information.
  • To define and utilize a "genetic diversity" coefficient to quantify this process.
  • To compare the efficiency and genetic load of this model against traditional natural selection.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling the evolution of a multigene family starting with few gene copies.
  • Incorporating unequal crossing-over and mutation as mechanisms for genetic variability.
  • Employing approximate theoretical analysis and extensive Monte Carlo simulations.
  • Studying a specific model where reduced genetic diversity confers a selective disadvantage.

Main Results:

  • The gene duplication model demonstrates extreme efficiency in accumulating genetic information.
  • The genetic load for gene acquisition is significantly lower compared to traditional natural selection models.
  • Unequal crossing-over and mutation provide essential variability for natural selection.

Conclusions:

  • Gene duplication is a highly effective evolutionary strategy for expanding genetic information and functions.
  • This model offers a more efficient pathway for the origin of multigene families with diverse members.
  • The process of new gene creation via duplication likely exists on a spectrum between this model and traditional selection.

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