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Skin TARC/CCL17 increase precedes the development of childhood atopic dermatitis

Anne-Sofie Halling1, Maria Rasmussen Rinnov2, Iben Frier Ruge1

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|December 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Skin biomarkers collected at two months can predict atopic dermatitis (AD) risk. Elevated immune markers and low filaggrin degradation products at this early stage indicate future AD development.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Predicting atopic dermatitis (AD) onset in infancy is crucial for prevention trials.
  • Identifying infants at high risk for AD using early biomarkers remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if skin biomarkers collected in infancy can predict the development of AD within the first two years of life.
  • To assess the utility of noninvasive skin biomarkers for identifying infants at risk for AD.

Main Methods:

  • Enrolled 450 infants (300 term, 150 preterm) and collected skin tape strips at birth and two months.
  • Analyzed biomarkers related to immune and barrier functions.
  • Utilized Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for AD risk.

Main Results:

  • Skin biomarkers at birth did not predict AD. Elevated thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine/C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (TARC/CCL17) at two months increased AD risk (HR: 2.11).
  • Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-18 predicted moderate-to-severe AD. Low filaggrin degradation products also increased AD risk (HR: 2.04).
  • Biomarker levels at two months predicted AD onset at other sites and months later.

Conclusions:

  • Noninvasively collected skin biomarkers reflecting barrier and immune pathways can precede the clinical onset of atopic dermatitis.
  • These findings support the use of early-life skin biomarkers for predicting AD risk and informing prevention strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisbirth cohortimmune biomarkerspredictive biomarkersskin barrier biomarkers

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