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[Associations between multimorbidity patterns of 4 chronic diseases and physical activity with all-cause mortality]

M X Sun1, Q B Wen2, H K Tu2

  • 1Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi
|December 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Multimorbidity, particularly diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD), significantly increases mortality risk. Regular physical activity, especially at moderate to high intensity, can substantially reduce this risk and extend life expectancy.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Context:

  • Multimorbidity, defined as the presence of two or more chronic diseases, is a growing concern in aging populations.
  • Prevalence and mortality risks associated with specific multimorbidity patterns remain incompletely understood.
  • The impact of lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, on multimorbidity outcomes requires further investigation.

Purpose:

  • To determine the prevalence of multimorbidity in a large Chinese cohort.
  • To analyze the association between distinct multimorbidity patterns and all-cause mortality.
  • To evaluate the effect of exercise on mortality risk and life lost in individuals with and without multimorbidity.

Summary:

  • This study identified multimorbidity patterns in 437,408 participants, with an overall prevalence of 8.7%.
  • The combination of diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) presented the highest mortality risk (HR=3.80), with the most complex pattern (hypertension, diabetes, CKD, COPD) showing an HR of 4.75.
  • Physical activity attenuated mortality risk, with moderate to high-intensity exercise significantly reducing years of life lost by 3.7 years compared to inactive individuals.

Impact:

  • Findings highlight "diabetes + CKD" as a high-mortality multimorbidity pattern, informing targeted public health interventions.
  • Physical activity demonstrates a significant protective effect against mortality, regardless of multimorbidity status.
  • Exercise intensity is directly correlated with the magnitude of mortality risk reduction, emphasizing the importance of promoting regular and vigorous physical activity.

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