The Nature of Interfacial Catalysis over Pt/NiAl₂O₄ for Hydrogen Production from Methanol Reforming Reaction

Reforming of methanol is one of the most favorable chemical processes for on-board H₂ production, which alleviates the limitation of H₂ storage and transportation. The most important catalytic systems for methanol reacting with water are interfacial catalysts including metal/metal oxide and metal/carbide. Nevertheless, the assessment on the reaction mechanism and active sites of these interfacial catalysts are still controversial. In this work, by spectroscopic, kinetic, and isotopic investigations, we established a compact cascade reaction model (ca. the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model) to describe the methanol and water activation over Pt/NiAl₂O₄. We show here that reforming of methanol experiences methanol dehydrogenation followed by water-gas shift reaction (WGS), in which two separated kinetically relevant steps have been identified, that is, C-H bond rupture within methoxyl adsorbed on interface sites and O-H bond rupture within O_lH (O_l: oxygen-filled surface vacancy), respectively. In addition, these two reactions were primarily determined by the most abundant surface intermediates, which were methoxyl and CO species adsorbed on NiAl₂O₄ and Pt, respectively. More importantly, the excellent reaction performance benefits from the following bidirectional spillover of methoxyl and CO species since the interface and the vacancies on the support were considered as the real active component in methanol dehydrogenation and the WGS reaction, respectively. These findings provide deep insight into the reaction process as well as the active component during catalysis, which may guide the design of new catalytic systems.