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Complex maze performance during carbon monoxide exposure in rats.

Z Annau1

  • 1Johns Hopkins University, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.

Neurotoxicology and Teratology
|March 1, 1987
PubMed
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Toxicology·1988

Carbon monoxide (CO) exposure impairs rats' ability to navigate a maze, increasing escape times and reducing goal attainment. Even at 2000 ppm, rats struggled to complete the task, highlighting CO toxicity risks.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Fire Safety Research

Background:

  • Residential fire victims often succumb to smoke inhalation, with high carboxyhemoglobin levels implicated.
  • The incapacitation mechanism preventing escape from toxic gases, even at distances from flames, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an animal model for assessing the impact of toxic gases on escape behavior.
  • To investigate the effects of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure on rats' ability to navigate a complex maze.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were trained to navigate an 8-choice-point maze for water reward after a 24-hour water deprivation period.
  • Following habituation, rats were exposed to varying concentrations of carbon monoxide (2000-4000 ppm) and their maze performance was assessed.

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  • Post-exposure, rats underwent further CO exposure with blood sampling to monitor carboxyhemoglobin levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Increasing carbon monoxide concentrations significantly increased maze running times.
    • Higher CO levels led to a decreased number of rats successfully reaching the goal.
    • At 3500 ppm CO, no rats could reach the goal, and at 2000 ppm, non-completing rats traveled farther than successful ones.

    Conclusions:

    • Carbon monoxide exposure demonstrably impairs cognitive and motor functions essential for escape behavior.
    • This rat maze model effectively demonstrates CO's incapacitating effects, providing insights into fire victim behavior.
    • Findings underscore the critical danger of CO in residential fires, even at locations remote from the fire source.