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Targeting SARS-CoV-2 and host cell receptor interactions.

Siew Pheng Lim1

  • 1Experimental Drug Development Centre (EDDC), A*STAR, 10, Biopolis Road, #05-01, Chromos, 138670, Singapore.

Antiviral Research
|December 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a threat due to genetic changes. This review discusses therapies targeting viral entry by blocking spike protein interactions with host cell receptors like ACE2.

Keywords:
ACE2Entry inhibitorsRBDSARS-CoV-2ScreeningSpike

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Area of Science:

  • Virology and Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to pose a significant threat, especially to vulnerable populations like the elderly and immunocompromised, due to ongoing viral evolution.
  • Viral entry into host cells is a critical step in infection, mediated by the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein binding to host cell receptors.

Approach:

  • This review focuses on therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and host cell receptors.
  • It examines the role of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a primary entry receptor and discusses other identified auxiliary receptors.

Key Points:

  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a crucial receptor for SARS-CoV-2 cell entry in the respiratory tract.
  • Other receptors, including ASGPR1, Kremen protein 1, and integrins, have also been implicated in SARS-CoV-2 entry.
  • Understanding these interactions is vital for developing effective antiviral therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Therapeutic approaches targeting the blockade of SARS-CoV-2 and host cell receptor interactions offer a promising avenue for controlling viral spread.
  • Further research into these interactions can lead to novel strategies to combat persistent SARS-CoV-2 infections.