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The role of microRNA-induced apoptosis in diverse radioresistant cancers

Leili Darvish1, Mohammad Taghi Bahreyni Toossi2, Hosein Azimian3

  • 1Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Cellular Signalling
|December 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) influence cancer cell apoptosis and radiosensitivity. Targeting miRNAs offers a potential strategy to overcome cancer radiation resistance and improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cancer radiotherapy resistance is a major obstacle in cancer treatment and prevention of recurrence.
  • Tumor cells can evade apoptosis through genetic mutations or altered gene expression, impacting treatment efficacy.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer prognosis, subtyping, and response to therapy.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current research on the involvement of microRNA-induced apoptosis in cancer radiosensitivity.
  • It explores how miRNAs modulate apoptosis pathways relevant to radiation response.
  • The challenges in therapeutic delivery of miRNA-based treatments are also discussed.

Key Points:

  • MicroRNAs can significantly impact cancer cell apoptosis, thereby influencing radiosensitivity.
  • Modulating miRNA expression presents a potential therapeutic avenue to sensitize tumors to radiotherapy.
  • Understanding miRNA functions is key to developing novel cancer treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNA-mediated apoptosis is a critical determinant of radiosensitivity across various cancer types.
  • Targeting specific miRNAs could be a promising strategy to overcome treatment resistance.
  • Further research into miRNA mechanisms and delivery is essential for clinical translation.
Keywords:
ApoptosisCancerMicroRNARadioresistant geneRadiosensitivityRadiotherapy

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