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Foreign Body Aspiration Complicated by Pneumothorax in Children: HCUP-KID Perspective

Nicole M Favre1, Kristina F Powers1, Francesca C Viola1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
|December 30, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with airway foreign bodies (AFB) and pneumothorax face longer hospital stays, higher costs, and increased mortality. Preoperative pneumothorax in pediatric AFB cases signals a significant risk for adverse outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Healthcare Informatics

Background:

  • Airway foreign bodies (AFB) are a common pediatric emergency.
  • Pneumothorax is a serious complication of pediatric AFB.
  • Understanding the impact of pneumothorax on clinical course is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical course of children with airway foreign bodies (AFB) who develop pneumothorax versus those who do not.
  • To identify differences in outcomes, including length of stay, charges, and mortality, based on the presence and timing of pneumothorax.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the 2016 Kids' Inpatient Database.
  • Identification of pediatric patients with AFB using ICD-10 code T17XXXX.
  • Grouping patients into preoperative pneumothorax, postoperative pneumothorax, or no pneumothorax cohorts for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • A total of 4165 children with AFB were analyzed; 1.8% had preoperative pneumothorax and 0.7% had postoperative pneumothorax.
  • Patients with preoperative pneumothorax were older and experienced significantly longer lengths of stay (37.7 days) and higher total charges ($939K).
  • The mortality rate was substantially higher in the preoperative pneumothorax group (16%) compared to those without pneumothorax (3.7%).

Conclusions:

  • Pneumothorax significantly complicates the hospital course for children with airway foreign bodies.
  • The presence of preoperative pneumothorax is a critical indicator of increased mortality risk.
  • Early recognition and management of pneumothorax in pediatric AFB cases are essential.
Abstract

Keywords:
airway foreign bodyforeign body aspirationpediatric airwaypneumothorax

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