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Related Concept Videos

Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
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Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
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The Extracellular Matrix01:29

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In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
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Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

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In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

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Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
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Related Experiment Video

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Improving 2D and 3D Skin In Vitro Models Using Macromolecular Crowding
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Dermal Matrices: Do We Always Know What Is Going On?

Mariana Agostinho1, Tatiana Gomes1, Vera Eiró1

  • 1Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, PRT.

Cureus
|December 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In contaminated wounds, bovine-derived dermal matrices may break down rapidly due to bacterial infection, necessitating careful selection for abdominal wall reconstruction.

Keywords:
bioprosthesisbladder exstrophycontaminated woundssurgimend®vesicocutaneous fistula

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Innovation
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Wound Healing

Background:

  • Dermal matrices are increasingly used in abdominal wall reconstruction, especially in contaminated settings.
  • These biomaterials offer potential advantages in resisting infection.
  • Congenital bladder exstrophy patients may require complex abdominal repairs.

Observation:

  • A 36-year-old male with a history of bladder exstrophy and neobladder reconstruction presented with an abdominal hernia and vesicocutaneous fistula.
  • A bovine-derived dermal matrix (SurgiMend®) was used for abdominal repair due to its mechanical strength.
  • The patient developed a postoperative infection leading to mesh disintegration and requiring surgical revision.

Findings:

  • Bacterial enzymatic digestion is hypothesized as the cause of rapid dermal matrix breakdown in this infected wound.
  • The mechanical superiority of the matrix did not prevent its failure in a contaminated surgical field.
  • Early mesh disintegration highlights potential limitations of current dermal matrices in specific patient populations.

Implications:

  • Surgeons must exercise caution when selecting biologic meshes for contaminated abdominal wall reconstruction.
  • Further research is needed to establish optimal selection criteria and indications for bioprostheses in infected wounds.
  • Prioritizing dermal matrices with superior integration profiles may improve outcomes in complex surgical repairs.