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The urethra is a hollowed tubular organ through which urine is expelled from the body. This structure extends from the bladder to the external opening, allowing urine to be released.
The anatomy of the urethra differs between males and females. In females, the urethra is short, measuring about 3–4 cm in length, and opens anterior to the vaginal opening. In males, the urethra is longer and passes through the penis, serving dual purposes: expelling urine and ejaculating semen. The male...
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Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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Ureters01:22

Ureters

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The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
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Urinary Bladder01:23

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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The Micturition Reflex01:26

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Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
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Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

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Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
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Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
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Congenital megalourethra.

Turyalai Hakimi1

  • 1Chief Division of Pediatric Surgery, Kabul University of Medical Science, Maiwand Teaching Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan.

Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012)
|December 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital megalourethra, a rare penile anomaly, involves urethral dilatation. Surgical correction, like reduction urethroplasty, shows excellent outcomes in pediatric cases.

Keywords:
Case reportFusiformMegalourethraScaphoidUrethroplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Congenital Anomalies

Background:

  • Congenital megalourethra is a rare urogenital anomaly characterized by penile urethral dilatation.
  • It results from corpus spongiosum/cavernosum hypoplasia or anterior urethral valves, presenting as scaphoid or fusiform types.
  • Etiology is often unknown, potentially linked to mesodermal development defects, with fewer than 100 reported cases.

Observation:

  • A 6-month-old boy presented with congenital megalourethra (scaphoid type) and urinary dribbling since birth.
  • The patient underwent successful reduction urethroplasty.
  • Post-operative follow-up at 21 days, 45 days, and 6 months showed excellent results.

Findings:

  • Reduction urethroplasty is an effective surgical treatment for scaphoid megalourethra.
  • Meticulous surgical technique, fine sutures, and flap fixation are crucial for successful outcomes.
  • The patient experienced excellent results following the procedure.

Implications:

  • Management of megalourethra is type-dependent, requiring tailored surgical approaches.
  • Long-term follow-up is essential to monitor erectile function and fertility.
  • This case highlights the efficacy of reduction urethroplasty in pediatric megalourethra.