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In Situ SIMS and IR Spectroscopy of Well-defined Surfaces Prepared by Soft Landing of Mass-selected Ions
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In Situ Regolith Seismic Velocity Measurement at the InSight Landing Site on Mars.

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Seismic waves from the InSight lander

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Seismology
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • The InSight mission utilized the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) instrument and the Heat flow and Physical Properties Package (HP3) on Mars.
  • Initial mission design did not prioritize using HP3's hammering for seismic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate seismic wave velocities in the Martian shallow regolith using HP3's hammering as a seismic source.
  • To adapt SEIS and HP3 for high-frequency seismic measurements despite hardware limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Adapted the HP3 self-hammering probe as a controlled seismic source.
  • Implemented a high-precision timing and innovative high-frequency sampling workflow for SEIS.
  • Interpreted seismic wave arrivals (P-waves and S-waves) from approximately 2,000 hammer strokes.

Main Results:

  • Determined effective P-wave and S-wave velocities in the uppermost regolith.
  • Calculated a Vp/Vs ratio using both traveltime and incidence angle analyses.
  • Obtained seismic velocities consistent with low-density, unconsolidated sands.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully estimated shallow Martian regolith seismic velocities using repurposed instruments.
  • Results align with other geophysical estimates, validating the findings.
  • Demonstrates the potential for innovative data acquisition in planetary exploration.