Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reflex Activity01:08

Reflex Activity

1.9K
A reflex activity is an automatic, involuntary response to specific stimuli. It is a part of our survival mechanism, designed to protect us from potential harm. For example, when a bright light suddenly shines into our eyes, we instinctively close them or look away. This is a simple reflex activity orchestrated by the nervous system without conscious thought or effort.
A reflex exam is a diagnostic procedure performed by a healthcare professional to evaluate the functionality of a patient's...
1.9K
Somatic Spinal Reflexes01:22

Somatic Spinal Reflexes

2.4K
Somatic spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary muscular responses to external stimuli that involve the somatic musculature and the spinal cord.
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Experimental and simulative characterization of the neuromuscular response to passive cycling with dynamically changing crank arm lenghts.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Implementation of the sensory organization test with the CAREN system: a pilot study.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2025
Same author

A physiologically inspired hybrid CPG/Reflex controller for cycling simulations that generalizes to walking.

PLoS computational biology·2025
Same author

Non-invasive meningitis screening in neonates and infants: multicentre international study.

Pediatric research·2025
Same author

Regional free-water diffusion is more strongly related to neuroinflammation than neurodegeneration.

Journal of neurology·2025
Same author

Beyond clinical scales: an observational study on instrumental gait analysis and biomechanical patterns in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance
07:19

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance

Published on: March 19, 2020

6.0K

Predictive simulation of sit-to-stand based on reflexive-controllers.

David Muñoz1,2, Cristiano De Marchis3,4, Leonardo Gizzi5

  • 1School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Plos One
|December 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers modeled neural control for sit-to-stand movements using simulations. A simplified reflex controller successfully replicated human-like sit-to-stand motion, suggesting basic neural mechanisms drive this essential motor task.

More Related Videos

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
08:12

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

9.6K
Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study
08:40

Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study

Published on: November 11, 2022

1.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 15, 2025

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance
07:19

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance

Published on: March 19, 2020

6.0K
Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
08:12

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

9.6K
Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study
08:40

Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study

Published on: November 11, 2022

1.2K

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Sit-to-stand (STS) is a fundamental motor task crucial for autonomy.
  • Aging and impairments can compromise STS ability.
  • Understanding the neural control of STS is vital for rehabilitation and assistive device development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the neural control underlying the sit-to-stand (STS) movement.
  • To investigate the plausibility of a reflex-based motor controller for STS.
  • To compare the effectiveness of a four-phase versus a two-phase reflex controller.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a 7-segment, 9-degree-of-freedom human body model with 50 actuators.
  • Implemented reflex controllers using proprioceptive and vestibular feedback.
  • Optimized controller gains using Covariance Matrix Adaptation (CMA).
  • Validated simulations against experimental kinematic and muscular data.

Main Results:

  • Simulations generated human-like STS movements for both controllers.
  • Modeled joint angles and muscle activations closely matched experimental data.
  • A simplified two-phase controller demonstrated efficacy comparable to the four-phase controller.

Conclusions:

  • A simple set of reflexes can effectively drive the complex sit-to-stand motor task.
  • Predictive simulations are valuable for understanding neural control of movement.
  • Findings support the development of more effective rehabilitation strategies and assistive technologies for STS.