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Cardiac strain is lower among women with HIV in relation to monocyte activation

Mabel Toribio1, Magid Awadalla2, Zsofia D Drobni2

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.

Plos One
|December 30, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Women with HIV (WWH) show reduced left ventricular systolic function, indicated by lower global longitudinal strain (GLS). Inflammatory monocyte activation is linked to this dysfunction, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for heart failure prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Women with HIV (WWH) have an increased risk of heart failure.
  • Understanding the immune and inflammatory pathways contributing to left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction in WWH is crucial but limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between global longitudinal strain (GLS), a measure of LV systolic function, and monocyte activation in WWH.
  • To explore potential immune pathways involved in cardiac dysfunction among WWH.

Main Methods:

  • Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess GLS.
  • Flow cytometry was employed to measure monocyte activation.
  • The study included 20 WWH and 14 women without HIV.

Main Results:

  • WWH exhibited significantly lower GLS compared to women without HIV (19.4±3.0% vs. 23.1±1.9%, P<0.0001).
  • HIV status independently predicted lower GLS.
  • In WWH, lower GLS correlated with increased expression of HLA-DR on CD14+CD16+ monocytes and was predicted by inflammatory monocyte activation, even after adjusting for CD4+ T-cell count and viral load.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory monocyte activation is associated with reduced LV systolic function in WWH.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the role of inflammatory monocyte activation in the pathogenesis of lower GLS.
  • Targeting inflammatory pathways may offer a strategy to mitigate heart failure risks in WWH.
Abstract

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