Gene expression of RD5 and Psp5 in extra intestinal Entamoeba histolytica isolated from liver abscesses

Liver abscesses are known to be trophozoites of the amoeba parasite. They are devoured by the neutrophil cells in the liver and become large assemblies because these white cells do not eliminate the parasite and these white cells multiply. In this study, venous blood samples were taken from 61 patients have hepatic amoebosis and 61 healthy individuals as a control group. The patients attended Ghazi Al-Hariri Surgical Specialities Hospital, the Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq during the period from 15th January to 18th September 2021. The results showed that the mean age of patients was (41.84±15.88) years, while the mean age of the control group was (41.84±15.88) years with no significant difference (P>0.05). The prevalence rate of Entamoeba histolytica infection was 27 (44.2%) in males, and 34 (55.8%) in females with no significant difference. The mean anti-Entamoeba antibody IgA in urban areas was (1.95±1.25) and in the rural areas was (2.05±1.10), while the mean anti-Entamoeba antibody IgG in urban areas was (14.86±6.71), and in the rural areas was (13.55±7.43), with no significant differences (P>0.05). The mean anti-Entamoeba antibody IgA was (2.00±1.17) among the patient's group in comparison with the control group which was (0.09±0.17), while the mean anti-Entamoeba antibody IgG was (14.20±7.06) among the patients when compared with the control group which was (0.06±0.11) with highly significant differences (P<0.01). Expression of RD5 gene was investigated in E. histolytica in liver abscess patients and healthy controls by using qRT-PCR and the findings of amplification regarding atypical amplification plot. The amplification reaction had an early threshold cycle that was consistent with high levels of RD5 gene and the healthy controls. Psp5 gene was expression to investigated E. histolytica in liver abscess in 60 patients and (60) individuals as a control group by using qRT-PCR and the findings of amplification regarding atypical amplification plot. The amplification reaction had an early threshold cycle that was consistent with high levels of Psp5 gene and the healthy controls.