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Sarah Azancot1, Pablo Ureña-Torres1, Charles Chazot2

  • 1Centre de dialyse, AURA Saint-Ouen, 12 rue Anselme, 93400 Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine, France.

Nephrologie & Therapeutique
|December 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
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Chronic Kidney Disease associated Pruritus (CKD-aP) is a common complication in dialysis patients, yet remains challenging to manage. This review explores current treatments, focusing on the role of kappa opioid receptors in CKD-aP.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chronic Kidney Disease associated Pruritus (CKD-aP) is a prevalent and burdensome complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those undergoing dialysis.
  • The exact pathophysiology of CKD-aP is not fully understood, and current research is limited, making effective management a significant clinical challenge.
  • Existing treatment options for CKD-aP offer limited clinical benefits, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes available literature on CKD-aP treatments.
  • It critically evaluates the clinical efficacy and limitations of current pharmacological interventions.
  • The review specifically examines the role of opioid receptors, particularly kappa opioid receptors, in the pathophysiology of CKD-aP.
Keywords:
Chronic Kidney DiseaseMaladie rénale chroniqueOpoid receptorPruritPruritusrécepteur opioïde

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Key Points:

  • Opioid receptors, especially the kappa opioid receptor (KOR), are implicated in the complex pathophysiology of CKD-aP.
  • Kappa opioid receptor agonists represent a promising therapeutic avenue for managing CKD-aP.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and optimize treatments for CKD-aP.

Conclusions:

  • Current treatments for CKD-aP are insufficient, underscoring the need for improved therapeutic approaches.
  • Targeting the kappa opioid receptor system offers a potential pathway for developing more effective treatments for pruritus in CKD patients.
  • Understanding the role of opioid receptors is crucial for advancing the management of CKD-aP.