Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

27.2K

Etiological subgroups of term small-for-gestational-age and childhood health outcomes

Fang Fang1,2, Yan Chen3, Qian Chen2

  • 1Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department & Child Primary Care Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.

Pediatric Research
|December 30, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants have varied causes and health outcomes. Fetal factors increase low IQ risk, while physiological factors raise growth restriction risk in SGA children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) is a condition with diverse origins.
  • Understanding etiology-specific outcomes is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate childhood health outcomes in term SGA infants based on distinct etiological subgroups.
  • To identify specific risks associated with different causes of SGA.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Collaborative Perinatal Project.
  • Categorized SGA etiological factors into maternal, fetal, placental, environmental, and physiological groups.
  • Analyzed primary child outcomes: low IQ and growth restriction in 8417 term infants.

Main Results:

  • SGA due to fetal factors showed the highest risk for low IQ (aOR=1.94).
  • SGA due to physiological factors presented the highest risk for growth restriction (aOR=6.04).
  • Increased risk for low IQ and growth restriction correlated with the number of SGA risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Etiology-specific term SGA impacts child health outcomes differently.
  • Findings support individualized management of SGA infants in the era of precision medicine.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

86.2K
Author Spotlight: Collecting the Brain and Serum from the Same Mice Fetus to Study Brain Tumor Development05:44

Author Spotlight: Collecting the Brain and Serum from the Same Mice Fetus to Study Brain Tumor Development

Published on: May 17, 2024

681

Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
2.6K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.1K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.6K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
140
Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
20.6K
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K