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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

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Development of a high-performance open-source 3D bioprinter.

Joshua W Tashman1, Daniel J Shiwarski1, Adam W Feinberg2,3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.

Scientific Reports
|December 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details converting a low-cost 3D printer into an affordable bioprinter for tissue engineering research. The open-source guide and validated components enable accessible 3D bioprinting with high accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Tissue Engineering
  • 3D Printing

Background:

  • 3D bioprinting enables complex 3D structure creation for tissue engineering.
  • Commercial bioprinting platforms are prohibitively expensive for many research labs.
  • Open-source modifications of plastic 3D printers offer a potential alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a user-friendly, step-by-step guide for converting a low-cost thermoplastic 3D printer into a bioprinter.
  • To utilize validated components for reliable bioprinting performance.
  • To offer open-source designs for accessibility and customizability.

Main Methods:

  • Conversion of a FlashForge Finder 3D printer using the Replistruder 4 syringe pump and Duet3D Duet 2 WiFi.
  • Testing bioprinter accuracy with travel precision better than 35 µm in all axes.
  • Quantifying scaffold printing fidelity using collagen bioink.

Main Results:

  • The bioprinter conversion cost was under $900.
  • Printing accuracy demonstrated errors less than 2% for collagen scaffolds.
  • High-fidelity printing of a human ear scaffold from clinical imaging data was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The developed open-source bioprinter conversion provides an affordable and accessible solution for tissue engineering research.
  • The comprehensive guide and open-source components empower researchers to adopt 3D bioprinting.
  • This work facilitates further innovation and customization in the bioprinting field.