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Ischemic Optic Neuropathies: Current Concepts.

Ajay D Patil1, Valerie Biousse1,2, Nancy J Newman1,2,3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
|January 2, 2023
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Summary

Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) involves interrupted blood supply to the optic nerve, affecting vision. This condition includes anterior (AION), posterior (PION), and peri-operative forms, each presenting distinct clinical characteristics.

Keywords:
Arteritic IONdisc-at-riskischemic optic neuropathynon-arteritic ION

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) is a significant cause of vision loss.
  • It results from compromised blood flow to the optic nerve.
  • ION encompasses various subtypes affecting different optic nerve regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and differentiate key types of ischemic optic neuropathy.
  • To elucidate the characteristics of anterior (AION), posterior (PION), and peri-operative ION.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of ION as distinct clinical entities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on ION.
  • Classification of ION based on anatomical location and etiology.
  • Discussion of arteritic versus non-arteritic ION.

Main Results:

  • ION is characterized by optic nerve ischemia due to vascular interruption.
  • AION affects the optic nerve head, while PION affects the posterior optic nerve.
  • Peri-operative ION is a specific subset occurring around surgical procedures.

Conclusions:

  • ION is a diverse condition with distinct anterior, posterior, and peri-operative presentations.
  • Understanding these classifications is crucial for diagnosis and management.
  • Further research into the specific etiologies of each ION subtype is warranted.