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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

2.0K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
2.0K
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

627
Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
627
Isothermal Processes01:21

Isothermal Processes

3.8K
A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is called an isothermal process. Heat slowly flows into the system or out of the system to maintain thermal equilibrium. Processes involving phase changes like water evaporation into steam or freezing water into ice at a constant temperature are examples of Isothermal Processes.
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...
3.8K
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

1.1K
An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
1.1K
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

393
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
393
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla

635
Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
635

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Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere
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Automated Detection Algorithm for Mesoscale Heated Regions in TWINS Ion Temperature Maps.

A M Keesee1,2, R Katus3, J Tibbetts1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New Hampshire Durham NH USA.

Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics
|January 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an algorithm to identify ion temperature enhancements in Earth's magnetotail using energetic neutral atom imaging. The algorithm effectively detects events like dipolarizing flux bundles and substorm onsets, aiding space weather research.

Keywords:
dipolarizing flux bundlesenergetic neutral atom imaginggeomagnetic stormsmagnetotailplasma sheetsubstorms

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Area of Science:

  • Space Physics
  • Magnetospheric Dynamics
  • Plasma Physics

Background:

  • Earth's magnetotail is crucial for magnetosphere dynamics, especially during geomagnetic activity.
  • Energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging offers global insights into ion dynamics within the magnetotail.
  • Previous ENA observations revealed enhanced ion temperatures linked to magnetic reconnection and flow channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an algorithm for identifying ion temperature enhancements in magnetotail ENA data.
  • To correlate algorithm-identified events with known magnetospheric phenomena.
  • To enable new scientific studies and model validation using ENA data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from NASA's Two Wide-angle Imaging Neutral-atom Spectrometers (TWINS) mission.
  • Developed an algorithm to process ENA-derived equatorial ion temperature maps.
  • Validated algorithm results against THEMIS dipolarizing flux bundle (DFB) data and SuperMAG substorm onset data.

Main Results:

  • The algorithm successfully identifies intervals with ion temperature enhancements.
  • Successful correlation was found between algorithm outputs and DFB events and substorm onsets when sufficient ENA data was available.
  • Demonstrated the algorithm's applicability to simulation data for comparative studies and model validation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed algorithm is a valuable tool for analyzing magnetotail ion dynamics from ENA observations.
  • This method enhances our ability to study phenomena like magnetic reconnection and substorms.
  • The algorithm facilitates comparative studies between observational data and simulations, advancing space weather research.