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Novel Adsorption-Reaction Process for Biomethane Purification/Production and Renewable Energy Storage.

Joana A Martins1,2, Carlos V Miguel1, Alírio E Rodrigues3,2

  • 1LEPABE, Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.

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This study presents a novel cyclic process for upgrading biogas and converting captured carbon dioxide (CO2) into methane. The method simultaneously purifies methane and produces additional renewable methane from CO2, enhancing biogas valorization.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Catalysis
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Biogas upgrading is crucial for renewable energy production.
  • Current methods for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and utilization often face challenges in efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
  • Valorization of CO2 into valuable products like methane is a key goal in sustainable chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an innovative cyclic process for simultaneous biogas upgrading and CO2 valorization.
  • To convert captured CO2 into renewable methane using a sorptive-reactive system.
  • To optimize the process for methane (CH4) productivity and purity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cyclic operation of two parallel sorptive reactors filled with a CO2 sorbent (K-promoted hydrotalcite) and a methanation catalyst (Ru/Al2O3).
  • Alternately fed biogas (CO2/CH4 mixture) for CO2 sorption and pure hydrogen (H2) for reactive regeneration and methane production.
  • Conducted a parametric study to assess the influence of operating conditions (flow rate, CO2 content, stage duration, temperature) on performance.

Main Results:

  • Achieved cyclic steady-state operation after approximately five cycles.
  • Demonstrated simultaneous CH4 purification and *in-situ* CO2 conversion to CH4.
  • At 350 °C, a compromise between CH4 productivity (1.63 molCH4 kgcat−1 h−1) and purity (70.3%) was obtained; purities above 80% were achievable with reduced productivity.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed cyclic sorptive-reactive process offers an effective route for simultaneous biogas upgrading and CO2 valorization.
  • The system successfully converts captured CO2 into renewable methane, enhancing the overall value of biogas.
  • Further optimization is needed to balance CH4 productivity and purity for industrial applications.