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SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Reza Naeimi1, Mahdi Sepidarkish2, Abolfazl Mollalo3

  • 1Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.

Eclinicalmedicine
|January 2, 2023
PubMed

Insights

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children increased significantly during the pandemic, with 50-70% remaining susceptible by late 2021. This highlights the urgent need for improved pediatric vaccination strategies, especially in developing nations and minority groups.

Area of Science:

  • * Epidemiology
  • * Infectious Diseases
  • * Pediatrics

Background:

  • * Rising hospitalization rates in children (0-19 years) due to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.
  • * Persistent disparities in pediatric COVID-19 vaccination coverage.
  • * Need for comprehensive understanding of SARS-CoV-2 sero-epidemiology in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To systematically review and assess global SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children.
  • * To identify determinants associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in pediatric populations worldwide.

Main Methods:

  • * Systematic review and meta-analysis of international scientific databases and preprints (December 2019 - July 2022).
  • * Pooled seroprevalence estimation by WHO regions using random-effects meta-analyses.
  • * Sub-group and meta-regression analyses to investigate heterogeneity and associations.

Main Results:

  • * 247 studies included, encompassing 757,075 children from 70 countries.
  • * Seroprevalence increased from 7.3% in wave 1 to 56.6% in wave 6.
  • * Highest seroprevalence in South-East Asia and Africa; lowest in Western Pacific. Higher rates observed in older children, underprivileged regions, and minority ethnic groups.

Conclusions:

  • * Significant proportion of children remained susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 by late 2021, pre-Omicron wave.
  • * Urgent need for enhanced vaccine efficacy and improved vaccination coverage in children and adolescents.
  • * Particular focus required on developing countries and minority ethnic groups to address vaccination disparities.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19ChildrenMeta-analysisSARS-CoV-2SeroprevalenceSerum antibodies

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