Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 15, 2025
07:56
Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
Published on: September 19, 2019
10.1K
Longitudinal relations between parenting stress and child internalizing and externalizing behaviors: Testing
Willeke van Dijk1, Marleen H M de Moor2,3, Mirjam Oosterman3
1Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
|January 2, 2023
Summary
Parenting stress and child behavior problems show bidirectional links from age 5 to 9. This study found no mediation by parental warmth or hostility, highlighting transactional relationships in later childhood.
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Family Studies
Background:
- Parenthood presents challenges, with early parenthood being a vulnerable period due to significant biological and psychosocial changes.
- Parenting stress is linked to child behavior problems, but transactional relationships over time, especially within individuals, require further investigation.
- Understanding the interplay between parenting stress and child internalizing/externalizing behaviors is crucial for timely interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine transactional within-person associations between parenting stress and child internalizing/externalizing behavior problems from infancy to 9 years.
- To investigate whether parental warmth and hostility mediate these transactional associations.
- To analyze longitudinal data using a within-person approach to understand developmental trajectories.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal data from 7,208 caregiver-child dyads in the Growing Up in Ireland study were analyzed.
- Data spanned child ages from 9 months to 9 years across multiple waves.
- A random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) was employed to assess within-person associations over time.
Main Results:
- Bidirectional transactional relations were observed between parenting stress and both child internalizing and externalizing behaviors from age 5 to 9 years.
- These transactional associations were not significant at earlier time points (e.g., 9 months to 3 years).
- Parental warmth and hostility did not mediate the associations between parenting stress and child behavior problems.
Conclusions:
- Parenting stress and child behavior problems exhibit transactional relationships in later childhood (ages 5-9).
- Parental warmth and hostility do not appear to be mediating mechanisms in this specific transactional relationship.
- Future research should continue exploring within-person transactional dynamics using advanced longitudinal models like RI-CLPM.
Keywords:
bidirectional relationschild behavioral problemsparenting behaviorparenting stressrandom intercept cross-lagged panel modelMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:27Parenting Styles
107
Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
107
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
90
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
90
01:30Stress and Mental Health
195
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
195
01:27Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle
155
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
155
01:20Psychological Responses to Stress
86
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
86
03:34Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
43.7K
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
43.7K