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Scattering angle resolved optical coherence tomography measures morphological changes in Bacillus subtilis colonies.

Vikram Barauah1, Shyon Parsa2, Naail Chowdhury1

  • 1The University of Texas at Austin, Biomedical Optics Lab, Department of Biomedical Imaging, Austin, Texas, United States.

Journal of Biomedical Optics
|January 2, 2023
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Summary

Scattering angle resolved optical coherence tomography (SAR-OCT) can detect shape changes in bacteria, offering a potential method for early disease detection. This technique identifies morphological shifts similar to those occurring in mitochondria before neurological disease onset.

Keywords:
bacteriaoptical coherence tomographyscattering angle distributionscattering angle resolved optical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Microbiology
  • Optical Imaging

Background:

  • Early detection of neurological diseases is crucial, as current markers appear late.
  • Subcellular changes, like mitochondrial dysfunction, precede widespread pathology.
  • Bacterial morphology changes can serve as a model for detecting early subcellular alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of scattering angle resolved optical coherence tomography (SAR-OCT) for detecting morphological changes in bacteria.
  • To assess if SAR-OCT can identify shape transitions in *Bacillus subtilis*.

Main Methods:

  • SAR-OCT was employed to analyze scattering angle distributions in *Bacillus subtilis*.
  • The rod-to-coccus shape transition was imaged, and the low- to medium angle scattering ratio (L/M ratio) was analyzed.
  • Bacterial orientation within colonies was modeled and compared with SAR-OCT findings.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in backscattering angle distribution were observed during the rod-to-coccus transition.
  • The Burr distribution's $\Phi$-parameter of the SAR-OCT-derived L/M ratio was significantly lower in cocci than in rods.
  • SAR-OCT-derived L/M ratio variations correlated with predicted bacterial orientations within colonies.

Conclusions:

  • SAR-OCT demonstrates potential for detecting bacterial morphological changes.
  • This technique could be valuable for early detection of cellular alterations relevant to disease.