Pasteurella multocida toxin - lessons learned from a mitogenic toxin.
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Frontiers in Immunology
|January 2, 2023
Summary
Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) causes atrophic rhinitis in pigs by affecting bone cells and immunity. Research into PMT offers insights into human diseases due to its broad cellular effects.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Molecular Pathogenesis
- Immunology
Background:
- Pasteurella multocida is a zoonotic bacterium causing various animal diseases, including fowl cholera and atrophic rhinitis in pigs.
- Toxigenic strains produce Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT), a 146 kDa protein crucial for pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) and its effects.
- To explore the potential of PMT research for understanding human diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on PMT's molecular mechanisms and biological effects.
- Analysis of PMT's role in immune cell modulation and bone remodeling.
Main Results:
- PMT targets heterotrimeric G proteins, leading to cytoskeletal changes, proliferation, and cell survival.
- PMT inhibits osteoblast and activates osteoclast activity, causing bone destruction.
- PMT affects innate and adaptive immunity, heart, and bone cells.
Conclusions:
- PMT's primary function appears to modulate immune cell activation and promote osteoclast formation.
- Despite disease specificity in pigs, PMT research has significant translational potential for human pathologies.
