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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

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DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
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Transposons01:24

Transposons

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Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
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CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Genome Editing in Mammalian Cell Lines using CRISPR-Cas
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[Recent advances in CRISPR-related transposable elements].

Shuqing Ning1, Xinxin Wu1, Yunzi Luo1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
|January 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CRISPR-related transposable elements offer new genome editing possibilities by enabling targeted DNA insertion without homology-directed repair. This review explores their mechanisms and potential for advancing gene editing tools.

Keywords:
CRISPR-Cas systemsCRISPR-associated transposasegene editingtransposable elements

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Selection-dependent and Independent Generation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gene Knockouts in Mammalian Cells
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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
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Selection-dependent and Independent Generation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gene Knockouts in Mammalian Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems are revolutionary for genome editing, enabling gene knockout, insertion, base editing, and transcriptional regulation.
  • A key limitation of CRISPR-Cas is the low efficiency of homology-directed repair (HDR), hindering precise DNA integration.
  • Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) can insert DNA without HDR, presenting an alternative to CRISPR-Cas limitations.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes recent advancements in natural CRISPR-related transposable elements.
  • It examines the transposition mechanisms and reprogramming capabilities of these elements.
  • The review also covers the application of fused dCas9-transposase systems.

Key Points:

  • CRISPR-related transposable elements facilitate targeted DNA insertion, bypassing the need for HDR.
  • These elements offer novel strategies for genome engineering with potential for high efficiency.
  • Fused dCas9-transposase systems represent a promising development in targeted DNA integration.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-related transposable elements show significant promise for advancing gene editing technologies.
  • Further research into their mechanisms and applications could overcome current limitations in genome engineering.
  • This review provides insights into future directions and challenges for these innovative tools.