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Active wetting of epithelial tissues: modeling considerations.

Ivana Pajic-Lijakovic1, Milan Milivojevic2

  • 1Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia. iva@tmf.bg.ac.rs.

European Biophysics Journal : EBJ
|January 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Collective cell migration (CCM) drives tissue shape changes, akin to wetting transitions. This review explores physical parameters governing cell rearrangement and modeling approaches for understanding these complex biological systems.

Keywords:
Cell residual stress accumulationCollective cell migrationMarangoni effectTissue surface tensionViscoelasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Tissue morphology transitions, crucial for development and disease, are driven by collective cell migration (CCM).
  • These transitions are often modeled as active wetting/de-wetting phenomena, involving cell aggregates and monolayers on substrates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review physical parameters governing cell rearrangement during epithelial aggregate wetting/de-wetting.
  • To explore modeling approaches for understanding CCM-induced tissue morphology changes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of physical parameters including surface tensions, interfacial tensions, and viscoelasticity.
  • Review and extension of biophysical models for cell rearrangement and spreading.

Main Results:

  • Identified key physical parameters: tissue surface tension, substrate/matrix tensions, cell-matrix interfacial tension, interfacial tension gradient, and viscoelasticity.
  • Highlighted the interplay between cell-matrix interfacial tension and epithelial viscoelasticity, and the role of interfacial tension gradients in cell spreading.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between physical parameters is crucial for deciphering CCM-driven cell rearrangement.
  • Modeling approaches are essential for reproducing and understanding the complex dynamics of cell wetting and tissue morphology transitions.