Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
05:34

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

762

Chronic kidney disease-induced muscle atrophy: Molecular mechanisms and promising therapies

Kexin Wang1, Qingyuan Liu2, Mingyu Tang3

  • 1Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, PR China.

Biochemical Pharmacology
|January 3, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes muscle atrophy through inflammation and oxidative stress. Treatments targeting complications, nutrition, exercise, and drugs can improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Muscle Physiology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality.
  • Muscle atrophy and sarcopenia are prevalent complications in CKD patients, severely impacting their quality of life.
  • The pathogenesis of muscle wasting in CKD is multifactorial, involving complex interactions between various mechanisms and contributing factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy in CKD.
  • To explore the roles of inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and other CKD-related complications in muscle wasting.
  • To identify and highlight potential therapeutic strategies for mitigating CKD-induced muscle atrophy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current research on CKD-induced muscle atrophy.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic acidosis, vitamin D deficiency, anorexia, and angiotensin II excess.
  • Examination of contributing factors such as insulin resistance, hormonal changes, hemodialysis, uremic toxins, gut microbiota, and miRNA.

Main Results:

  • Inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are key drivers of muscle atrophy in CKD.
  • Metabolic acidosis, vitamin D deficiency, anorexia, and elevated angiotensin II exacerbate muscle wasting.
  • Insulin resistance, hormonal imbalances, hemodialysis, uremic toxins, gut dysbiosis, and altered miRNA profiles further contribute to sarcopenia in CKD.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the multifaceted mechanisms of CKD-induced muscle atrophy is crucial for effective management.
  • Integrated treatment approaches, including complication management, nutritional support, physical activity, and pharmacological interventions, show promise.
  • Improving therapeutic strategies can enhance the prognosis and quality of life for CKD patients suffering from muscle atrophy.

Keywords:
Chronic kidney diseaseInflammationMolecular mechanismsMuscle atrophyTherapy

More Related Videos

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

264
A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy07:52

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy

Published on: November 7, 2017

20.8K

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
67
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
54
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
59
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
48
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
40
Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
2.0K