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Updated: Aug 15, 2025
Predictive Measurement for Windlass Change in Length and Selected Treatment Outcomes in Chronic Plantar Fasciitis
Published on: March 1, 2024
Surgical treatment options for plantar fasciitis and their effectiveness: a systematic review and network
Sandeep Krishan Nayar1, Harry Alcock2, Krishna Vemulapalli2
1Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, Rom Valley Way, Romford, RM7 0AG, UK. sandeep.nayar@doctors.org.uk.
Background:
To date, there are no systematic reviews on the utility of surgical management for plantar fasciitis to guide best practice. This review aimed to evaluate the operative options for plantar fasciitis and their effectiveness.
Methods:
A systematic review and network meta-analysis were carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A search strategy was conducted on the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. Quality was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool.
Results:
17 studies involving 865 patients were included. Surgical options considered were open and endoscopic plantar fasciotomy, gastrocnemius release, radiofrequency microtenotomy and dry needling. All interventions resulted in improvement in VAS and AOFAS scores. No major complications were seen from any treatment modality.
Conclusions:
Surgical interventions are effective in providing short- to medium-term symptomatic relief for plantar fasciitis refractory to non-operative management. Current evidence is equivocal regarding treatment choice. Further large randomised studies are required to establish long-term outcomes and a management algorithm.
Level Of Evidence:
Level III.
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