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Updated: Aug 15, 2025

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Stage-specific nutritional management and developmental programming to optimize meat production.

Liang Zhao1,2, Xiangdong Liu2, Noe A Gomez2

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, PR China.

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
|January 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Maternal nutrition during gestation significantly impacts livestock offspring development and meat quality. Targeted nutritional interventions in early life stages can optimize growth, body composition, and meat characteristics for improved production efficiency.

Keywords:
Adipose tissueEmbryonic developmentFetal programmingFibro/adipogenic progenitorsMarblingNutritional regulationsSkeletal muscle

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Developmental Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Modern livestock breeds exhibit rapid growth but often reduced meat quality due to impaired intramuscular fat and muscle abnormalities.
  • Seasonal reproductive cycles and environmental factors can lead to gestational nutrient deficiencies, negatively impacting fetal development and offspring production efficiency.
  • Early developmental stages (embryonic, fetal, postnatal) are critical for programming long-term growth, body composition, and meat quality in livestock.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on maternal nutrition's impact during early livestock development.
  • To explore the programming effects of embryonic, fetal, and neonatal nutrition on offspring growth and meat quality.
  • To highlight the importance of stage-specific nutritional strategies for optimizing livestock production.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of contemporary research on livestock development and maternal nutrition.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on embryonic, fetal, and neonatal stages.
  • Examination of the effects of nutritional interventions on offspring body composition and meat quality.

Main Results:

  • Maternal nutrition during gestation critically influences offspring development, affecting skeletal muscle, adipose, and fibrotic tissue formation.
  • Nutritional interventions during pregnancy can mitigate negative impacts of deficiencies and improve offspring meat quality and production efficiency.
  • Understanding tissue-specific developmental characteristics is key to tailoring effective nutritional management.

Conclusions:

  • Stage-specific nutritional management during gestation is crucial for enhancing livestock growth performance and meat quality.
  • Addressing nutrient deficiencies in early development can lead to improved economic returns in the livestock industry.
  • Further research into developmental and metabolic pathways will enable more precise nutritional strategies.