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A systematic review and case presentation: Giant abdominal aortic aneurysm
Md Mahfooz Buksh1, Samira Nuzhath2, Joshua Heslop3
1General Surgery, Ashford and St Peters Hospital NHS, Chertsey, UK.
Vascular
|January 4, 2023
Summary
Giant abdominal aortic aneurysms (gAAAs) are rare but dangerous. This review found gAAAs average 14.7 cm, with rupture in 37.1% of cases, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Aortic Aneurysm Research
- Clinical Evidence Synthesis
Background:
- Giant abdominal aortic aneurysms (gAAAs), defined as >10-13 cm diameter, are uncommon but pose a high rupture risk.
- Untreated gAAAs have significant morbidity and mortality.
- Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing gAAAs.
Observation:
- A systematic review analyzed 61 reported cases of gAAAs.
- The average gAAA size was 14.7 cm, predominantly infrarenal (72.58%).
- Rupture occurred in 37.1% of patients, with laparotomy being the primary treatment (82.25%).
Findings:
- The mean patient age was 72.4 years, with a male to female ratio of 52:8.
- Mortality rate was 17.74% among treated gAAAs.
- Aneurysm size is a critical factor for rupture risk.
Implications:
- Further research is needed to understand why some gAAAs grow large without rupturing.
- Effective screening programs are essential for timely diagnosis of gAAAs.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of gAAAs can prevent life-threatening complications.
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