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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
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UV-Vis Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media
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High-Throughput Nanoparticle Characterization via Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy Elemental Mapping.

Kevin Finch1, Aldo Hernandez1, Gerardo Gamez1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|January 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy elemental mapping (GDOES EM) offers a rapid method for nanoparticle characterization. This technique successfully differentiates nanoparticle sizes and reveals internal structures, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nanoparticle (NP) characterization is crucial for diverse applications.
  • Existing techniques face limitations in sample throughput, elemental composition, and spatial distribution analysis.
  • Elemental mapping (EM) techniques are particularly hindered by low throughput for NP spatial distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GDOES) EM for nanoparticle characterization.
  • To evaluate GDOES EM for determining NP mass, elemental composition, and size/structure dimensions.
  • To optimize GDOES EM parameters for enhanced sensitivity and differentiation capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized GDOES EM for large-area mapping of nanoparticles on solid samples.
  • Investigated the influence of pulsed power, pressure, and sample substrate on GDOES EM performance.
  • Analyzed optical emission changes over time to identify internal NP dimensions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved limits of detection at the picogram (pg) level under optimized conditions.
  • Successfully differentiated nanoparticle sizes (5-100 nm) for Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au) nanoparticles.
  • Identified internal dimensions of core-shell nanoparticles by analyzing time-resolved optical emission.

Conclusions:

  • GDOES EM provides a cost-effective and rapid method for nanoparticle characterization.
  • The technique enables determination of elemental composition, size differentiation, and structural analysis of NPs.
  • Optimized GDOES EM offers significant advantages over traditional characterization methods for specific applications.