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Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Pediatric Oncology
Anna Lenglart1, Céline Chappé1, Isabelle Grulois2
1Department of Paediatrics.
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|January 4, 2023
Summary
Hepatitis E virus infection can complicate chemotherapy in immunocompromised children with acute leukemia or medulloblastoma. Prompt diagnosis of hepatitis E is crucial for managing liver cytolysis during cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- ESPGHAN recommendations (2016) did not specifically address hepatitis E virus (HEV) in chemotherapy-treated immunocompromised children.
- Hepatitis E diagnosis is often delayed in this vulnerable pediatric population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of diagnosing HEV in immunocompromised children undergoing chemotherapy.
- To emphasize the potential complications of HEV on cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Case report analysis of two pediatric patients.
- Diagnostic investigations for hepatic cytolysis.
- Identification of HEV as the causative agent.
Main Results:
- Two teenagers receiving chemotherapy for acute leukemia and medulloblastoma developed hepatic cytolysis.
- Hepatitis E was diagnosed, negatively impacting chemotherapy progress in both cases.
Conclusions:
- Hepatitis E virus infection must be promptly diagnosed in immunocompromised children experiencing liver cytolysis during chemotherapy.
- Early HEV detection is essential for effective management and to prevent treatment interruptions.
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