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Auxin-cytokinin interplay shapes root functionality under low-temperature stress
Manish Tiwari1, Ritesh Kumar1, Senthil Subramanian2
1Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KA 66506, USA.
Trends in Plant Science
|January 4, 2023
Summary
Low temperatures disrupt root growth by altering plant hormones. This review details how auxin and cytokinin signaling and transport help roots adapt to cold stress and maintain stem cells.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Stress Physiology
Background:
- Low-temperature stress significantly impacts plant root system architecture and function.
- Auxin and cytokinin are critical phytohormones regulating root development, cell division, differentiation, and elongation.
- Their intricate interplay is vital for plant adaptation to environmental stresses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the roles of auxin transport and signaling in root development under low-temperature stress.
- To examine the regulatory influence of cytokinin on auxin pathways in root stem cells during cold stress.
- To elucidate mechanisms of phytohormone-mediated stress response and DNA damage minimization in root stem cells.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on molecular and genetic mechanisms.
- Analysis of gene expression related to phytohormone biosynthesis, signaling, and transport.
- Examination of root development and stem cell maintenance under simulated low-temperature conditions.
Main Results:
- Low temperatures alter auxin and cytokinin levels and signaling pathways.
- Cytokinin regulates auxin transport and signaling to facilitate root adaptation to cold.
- Root stem cells employ phytohormone modulation to minimize DNA damage under stress.
Conclusions:
- Auxin and cytokinin dynamics are crucial for root system architecture and function under low-temperature stress.
- Cytokinin plays a key regulatory role in the plant's response to cold stress via modulation of auxin pathways.
- Understanding these phytohormone mechanisms offers potential for improving crop resilience to cold environments.
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