Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

3.0K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
3.0K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

4.9K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
4.9K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

4.1K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
4.1K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

2.1K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
2.1K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

2.8K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
2.8K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

615
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
615

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Interplay between thermal contact and hormonal activity: A kinetic analysis on smartphone-induced endocrine disruption.

The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology·2026
Same author

Impact of Hypothyroidism on Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association·2026
Same author

Bisphenol S induces hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance through AMPK inhibition and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·2026
Same author

Microplastics and the Endocrine-Metabolic Interface: Novel Diagnostic Tools Targeting Thyroid-Adipose Axis.

Environmental toxicology·2026
Same author

Molecular Landscape in Pediatric and Young Adult Thyroid Cancer: A Brazilian Cohort Study.

Cancer genetics·2026
Same author

Bisphenol S and high-fat diet drive structural and inflammatory remodeling of the colon in C57Bl/6 male mice.

Toxicology letters·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

939

COVID-19 and thyroid function: What do we know so far?

Camila Lüdke Rossetti1, Juliana Cazarin1, Fabio Hecht1

  • 1Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|January 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 infection can cause thyroid dysfunction, including non-thyroidal illness syndrome and thyroiditis, even after recovery. The "cytokine storm" may play a role in these thyroid changes.

Keywords:
COVID-19NTISSARS-CoV-2hyperthyroidismhypothyroidismnon-thyroidal illness syndromesubacute thyroiditis

More Related Videos

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

1.8K
Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
04:05

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

491

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

939
Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

1.8K
Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
04:05

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

491

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic affecting multiple organs, including the thyroid.
  • The thyroid gland expresses ACE2 receptors, a target for SARS-CoV-2 entry.
  • Thyroid hormones influence immune responses, making the gland sensitive to systemic changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of COVID-19 on thyroid function.
  • To explore the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection, thyroid disorders, and immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of retrospective observational studies, prospective studies, and case reports.
  • Analysis of documented thyroid disorders in COVID-19 patients.
  • Consideration of vaccine-related thyroid disease.

Main Results:

  • Controlled hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism do not increase COVID-19 prevalence or worsen prognosis.
  • Abnormal thyroid function, including non-thyroidal illness syndrome, subacute thyroiditis, and thyrotoxicosis, is reported during and after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Thyroid disease has also been linked to COVID-19 vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal thyroid function is a potential consequence of COVID-19 infection and vaccination.
  • The
  • cytokine storm
  • is implicated as a mediator of COVID-19-induced thyroid dysfunction.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular and clinical pathophysiology.