Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation

Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Hierarchical microtopology and phase-specific delivery functionally restore ultralong nerve continuity across species.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Global patterns of C<sub>3</sub>/C<sub>4</sub> grass biomass allocation: how aridity mediates nitrogen-induced divergent strategies.

The New phytologist·2026

Same author

Simultaneous Determination and Enantiomeric Separation of Five DL-Thiol Compounds Using UHPLC-HRMS With Chiral Derivatization in Sake: Dynamic Monitoring of Human Urine After Drinking.

Chirality·2026

Same author

Bioengineered titanium implants functionalized with aptamer-valproic acid conjugates orchestrate macrophage programming and mesenchymal stem cell homing for improved osseointegration.

Bioactive materials·2026

Same author

A Wearable Thermoelectric Respiratory Sensing System for Quantitative Pulmonary Function Monitoring.

ACS nano·2026

Same author

Nitrogen-Mediated Lanthanide Electronic Perturbations Boost Oxygen Spillover on Nickel-Iron Electrocatalysts for Ultralong-Lifetime Oxygen Evolution.

Nano letters·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Surface Engineering of Pancreatic Islets with a Heparinized StarPEG Nanocoating

Surface Engineering of Pancreatic Islets with a Heparinized StarPEG Nanocoating

Published on: June 23, 2018

Prebiotic inulin nanocoating for pancreatic islet surface engineering.

Jianghai Tang¹, Xuanjin Chen¹, Hang Shi¹

¹Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China. cli@bme.pumc.edu.cn.

Biomaterials Science

|January 5, 2023

Summary

Surface engineering of pancreatic islets using inulin, an FDA-approved prebiotic, enhances islet engraftment and function. This approach improves islet viability, insulin secretion, and reduces immune response, offering a promising strategy for diabetes treatment.

More Related Videos

Sustained Administration of β-cell Mitogens to Intact Mouse Islets Ex Vivo Using Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres

Sustained Administration of β-cell Mitogens to Intact Mouse Islets Ex Vivo Using Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres

Published on: November 5, 2016

Visualization of Endogenous Mitophagy Complexes In Situ in Human Pancreatic Beta Cells Utilizing Proximity Ligation Assay

Visualization of Endogenous Mitophagy Complexes In Situ in Human Pancreatic Beta Cells Utilizing Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: May 2, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Surface Engineering of Pancreatic Islets with a Heparinized StarPEG Nanocoating

Surface Engineering of Pancreatic Islets with a Heparinized StarPEG Nanocoating

Published on: June 23, 2018

Sustained Administration of β-cell Mitogens to Intact Mouse Islets Ex Vivo Using Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres

Sustained Administration of β-cell Mitogens to Intact Mouse Islets Ex Vivo Using Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres

Published on: November 5, 2016

Visualization of Endogenous Mitophagy Complexes In Situ in Human Pancreatic Beta Cells Utilizing Proximity Ligation Assay

Visualization of Endogenous Mitophagy Complexes In Situ in Human Pancreatic Beta Cells Utilizing Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: May 2, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Endocrinology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Pancreatic islet transplantation is a potential treatment for diabetes.
Current challenges include poor islet engraftment and survival post-transplantation.
Surface engineering offers a strategy to improve islet graft outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential of inulin for pancreatic islet surface engineering.
To assess the impact of inulin coating on islet viability, function, and immune response.
To evaluate the efficacy of inulin-coated islets in a mouse model of diabetes.

Main Methods:

Inulin was oxidized to inulin-CHO for covalent binding to islet cell membranes.
In vitro studies assessed islet viability, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and endothelial cell co-culture.
In vivo studies involved transplantation of inulin-coated islets into streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice.

Main Results:

Inulin coating enhanced islet viability, glucose-induced insulin secretion, and islet endothelial cell vascularization in vitro.
Inulin-coated islets showed reduced cell death upon exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and dampened LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
Gene expression analysis revealed altered pathways related to islet function, vascularization, and immune regulation.
In vivo, inulin-coated islet transplantation led to improved glycemic control, reduced immune cell infiltration, and enhanced graft vascularization.

Conclusions:

Islet surface engineering with inulin is a safe and beneficial approach.
Inulin coating improves islet function, vascularization, and immune tolerance.
Further clinical assessment is warranted to confirm the applicability of inulin-coated islets in human transplantation.