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Impact of cyclic bending on coronary hemodynamics

Jiaqiu Wang1,2, Runxin Fang3, Hao Wu3

  • 1School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia. jiaqiu.wang@hotmail.com.

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
|January 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of coronary arteries are biased without considering cyclic bending. This study reveals that heart rate significantly impacts coronary hemodynamics, necessitating the inclusion of cyclic bending for accurate patient-specific simulations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models often simplify coronary artery movement, potentially introducing bias.
  • Understanding coronary hemodynamics is crucial for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying coronary cyclic bending rates on coronary hemodynamics.
  • To determine if stable coronary models are adequate for realistic hemodynamic simulations.

Main Methods:

  • A fluid-structural interaction model simulating coronary artery bending was developed.
  • Simulations were performed at different cyclic bending rates (0.5, 0.75, and 1s), corresponding to heart rates of 120, 80, and 60 bpm.
  • Results were compared against a stable, non-bending coronary model.

Main Results:

  • Hemodynamic parameters including vortex Q-criterion, temporal wall shear stress (WSS), time-averaged WSS (TaWSS), and oscillatory shear index (OSI) were sensitive to cyclic bending rates.
  • Higher heart rates led to increased magnitude and variance in these hemodynamic parameters.
  • Flow velocity and relative residence time (RRT) showed no significant differences across bending periods.

Conclusions:

  • A stable coronary artery model is insufficient for accurately representing hemodynamics in a bending artery.
  • Cyclic bending and varying heart rates significantly influence key hemodynamic parameters.
  • Incorporating cyclic bending is essential for future patient-specific coronary hemodynamics studies to ensure realistic simulations.

Keywords:
Coronary cyclic bendingFluid–structure interactionHemodynamics

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