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Differences in Brain Activity and Body Movements Between Virtual Reality and Offline Exercise: Randomized Crossover

Hee Jin Kim1, Jea Woog Lee2, Gangta Choi1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

JMIR Serious Games
|January 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Virtual reality (VR) exercise enhances range of motion and brain activity compared to standard exercise. This immersive VR approach shows significant improvements in movement and orbitofrontal cortex activation.

Keywords:
VRblood flowbraincalorieexercisefitnesshemodynamichemoglobinimmersionmotionmovementnear-infrared spectroscopyorbitofrontal cortexphysical activityprefrontal cortexrandomizedrange of motionspectroscopyvirtual realityvirtual reality exercise

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Virtual reality (VR) offers immersive potential for physical exercise.
  • Limited research quantifies range of motion and brain activity during VR exercises.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if 3D immersive VR enhances body movement and brain activity more than standard exercises.
  • To determine if increased range of motion in VR exercise correlates with orbitofrontal cortex activation.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover trial compared exercises with and without 3D immersive VR.
  • 24 healthy males performed identical motions in both conditions.
  • Motion analysis and functional near-infrared spectroscopy assessed movement and brain activity.

Main Results:

  • VR exercise significantly increased total angle, length, and calorie consumption.
  • Significant changes in oxygenated hemoglobin were observed in the right orbitofrontal cortex during VR exercise.
  • Right orbitofrontal cortex activation positively correlated with range of motion during VR exercise.

Conclusions:

  • 3D immersive VR exercise effectively enhances range of motion in healthy individuals.
  • This enhancement is associated with increased activation in the orbitofrontal cortex.