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Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System
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Intensive Care Unit Physicians' Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence-Based Clinical Decision Support Tools:

Siri L van der Meijden1,2,3, Anne A H de Hond2,4, Patrick J Thoral5

  • 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.

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|January 5, 2023
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Intensive care unit (ICU) physicians are open to using artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support (AI-CDS) tools for predicting patient readmission and mortality risk post-discharge. This positive attitude supports the integration of AI-CDS into clinical workflows.

Keywords:
AIacceptanceadoptionartificial intelligenceattitudeclinical decision supportclinical supportdecision supportdecision-makingdigital healthdischargeeHealthhospitalintensive care unitopinionperspectivepredictionrisksurvey

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Clinical Decision Support Systems

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support (AI-CDS) tools offer significant potential for improving patient care and physician support in intensive care units (ICUs).
  • A notable gap exists between the development of AI-CDS tools and their practical implementation in clinical settings.
  • Understanding physician perspectives is crucial for successful AI-CDS tool integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore physicians' current decision-making behaviors regarding ICU patient discharge.
  • To assess physicians' attitudes towards AI-CDS tools, specifically a discharge tool predicting readmission and mortality risk.
  • To identify physicians' willingness and preferences for incorporating such AI-CDS tools into daily practice.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was administered to physicians involved in ICU patient discharge decisions at two Dutch academic ICUs.
  • The survey, conducted between July and November 2021, covered current discharge practices, general AI-CDS perspectives, and willingness to use a specific discharge AI-CDS tool.
  • Data were collected on physicians' preferences for integrating AI-CDS tools into their workflows.

Main Results:

  • Most respondents (97%) were familiar with AI and had positive expectations (86% believed AI could support their work).
  • While opinions varied on the complexity of discharge decisions, a large majority (92%) found value in a discharge AI-CDS tool.
  • Significant differences in perspectives were noted between the two participating academic sites, potentially linked to prior involvement in AI-CDS development.

Conclusions:

  • ICU physicians generally exhibit a favorable attitude towards integrating AI-CDS tools, particularly for predicting post-discharge risks (readmission/mortality within 7 days).
  • The survey findings will inform the refinement of implementation strategies and end-user training for AI-CDS tools.
  • Addressing site-specific differences may be key to optimizing AI-CDS adoption in ICUs.