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Telomere and mitochondria mediated the association between dietary inflammatory index and mild cognitive impairment:

Qian Liu1,2, Zhenshu Li1,2, Ling Huang1,2

  • 1Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

Immunity & Ageing : I & A
|January 5, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

A pro-inflammatory diet and chronic inflammation increase mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk. However, increased mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is linked to reduced MCI risk, potentially mediated by diet and inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Diet and chronic inflammation are implicated in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) pathogenesis.
  • Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) may mediate the link between inflammation and MCI.
  • Investigating these factors is crucial for understanding MCI development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the association between dietary inflammatory potential (Dietary Inflammatory Index - DII), chronic inflammation markers, LTL, and mtDNAcn with MCI risk.
  • To explore the potential mediating roles of LTL and mtDNAcn in the diet-MCI relationship.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort study involving 2944 participants.
  • Median follow-up of 2 years with monitoring for new-onset MCI.
  • Statistical analyses including hazard ratios (HR) and mediation analysis.

Main Results:

  • Higher DII, systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) scores predicted increased MCI risk.
  • Increased mtDNAcn was associated with a decreased risk of MCI, while LTL showed no significant association.
  • Negative associations were observed between inflammation markers (SII, SIRI) and both LTL and mtDNAcn.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated DII, SII, and SIRI may predict higher MCI risk in older adults.
  • Increased mtDNAcn is linked to a reduced risk of MCI.
  • LTL and mtDNAcn may mediate the relationship between dietary inflammatory potential and MCI risk.
Keywords:
Dietary inflammatory indexLeukocyte telomere lengthMild cognitive impairmentMitochondrial DNA copy numberSystem inflammation response indexSystemic immune inflammation index

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