Polymer-Assisted Compressed Flux Growth: A Universal and High-Yield Method for Dimension-Controlled Single Crystals

Single crystals possess the most perfect and stable morphology and represent the intrinsic and upper limits of performance when integrated into various application scenarios. However, for a large portion of the newly emerging low-dimensional and molecular materials, the mass production of crystals with a desirable shape is still challenging. Here, a universal and high-yield method to grow functional single crystals with controlled dimensions is provided that can be directly integrated into a device. By utilizing a polymeric flux in combination with a compressed growth space, numerous materials can be grown into size-controllable single crystalline flakes, with millions produced in one batch. This scalable growth method shows promise for the large-scale integration of micro-single-crystals as functional components, as exemplified by the construction of a 5 in. field-effect transistor array.