Potential effects of cannabinoids on audiovestibular function: A narrative review

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Pharmacology
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• The endocannabinoid system is increasingly recognized for its therapeutic potential in various medical conditions.
• Cannabinoid (CB) receptors are expressed within the audiovestibular pathway, suggesting a role in its function.
• Existing research indicates a growing interest in targeting this system for neurological and sensory disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting the endocannabinoid system for audiovestibular pathway conditions.
• To identify specific targets within the endocannabinoid system for treating disorders like hearing loss and vertigo.
• To review current and potential therapeutic strategies involving cannabinoid receptor modulation and enzyme inhibition.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific literature on endocannabinoid system components and their expression in the audiovestibular pathway.
• Analysis of potential therapeutic targets including CB1/CB2 receptor agonists/antagonists and FAAH/MAGL inhibitors.
• Examination of genetic factors influencing treatment response and disorder development.
• Consideration of drug delivery methods beyond systemic administration.

Main Results:

• Cannabinoid receptors are demonstrably expressed in the audiovestibular pathway.
• Therapeutic strategies may involve modulating CB1/CB2 receptors and inhibiting endocannabinoid-degrading enzymes (FAAH, MAGL).
• Genetic variations play a role in treatment outcomes and the susceptibility to related disorders.
• Non-systemic administration routes warrant further investigation for targeted drug delivery.

Conclusions:

• The endocannabinoid system presents a viable target for developing treatments for audiovestibular disorders.
• Targeting cannabinoid receptors and related enzymes offers a promising avenue for conditions such as noise-induced hearing loss, ototoxicity, and vertigo.
• Further research into drug delivery methods and the influence of genetic factors is crucial for clinical translation.