Solid-phase adsorption methodologies of naturally occurring anthraquinones: A review

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Analytical Chemistry
• Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

• Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is a validated technique for concentrating and purifying plant secondary metabolites.
• Biologically active anthraquinones from medicinal plants have gained significant research interest.
• SPE enables selective extraction of various phytochemical classes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a comprehensive literature review of solid-phase adsorption methodologies for natural anthraquinone extraction.
• To discuss current advancements and propose future research avenues in anthraquinone purification.

Main Methods:

• Literature search conducted using SciFinder Scholar, PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases.
• Focus on substructure searches for anthraquinone extraction methodologies.

Main Results:

• The first report on SPE for anthraquinone purification dates back to 2002.
• Notable methods include chitin/chitosan polymers, molecularly imprinted polymers, magnetic nanoparticles, and vortex-synchronized matrix solid-phase dispersion.
• Diverse solid-phase materials and techniques have been developed for anthraquinone purification.

Conclusions:

• Solid-phase adsorption methods are powerful for selective extraction of natural anthraquinones.
• These techniques yield anthraquinone-enriched phytopreparations.
• Methods used for synthetic anthraquinones may be applicable to natural compounds, warranting further investigation.