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    A novel dibutyl adipate (DBA) liquid microlens array (LMA) offers tunable focal length using electric fields. This adaptive lens technology shows promise for advanced optical applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Adaptive lenses are crucial for modern optical systems.
    • Dibutyl adipate (DBA) exhibits unique electromechanical properties.
    • Liquid microlens arrays (LMAs) offer tunable optical characteristics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a dibutyl adipate (DBA) liquid microlens array (LMA) with tunable focal length.
    • To investigate the self-assembly and electro-optic behavior of DBA microdroplets.
    • To evaluate the performance and potential applications of the developed LMA.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a DBA liquid microlens array using a hydrophobic layer on an electrode.
    • Application of a direct current (DC) electric field to induce DBA deformation and focal length tuning.
    • Characterization of focal length tunability, response time, optical transmittance, and thermal stability.

    Main Results:

    • A DBA LMA with a 100 µm diameter was successfully fabricated.
    • Tunable focal length from 0.92 to 1.42 mm was achieved with applied voltage (0-200 V).
    • Fast response time (~790 ms), high optical transmittance (~91%), and broad thermal stability (-24.8-161.5 °C) were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated DBA LMA exhibits promising adaptive focusing properties.
    • The tunable focal length and fast response time make it suitable for various applications.
    • Potential applications include image processing, portable electronics, beam steering, ophthalmology, and 3D displays.