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Polymethylmethacrylate Microspheres are Immunologically Inert in Mouse Tissues
Anália Cirqueira Milhomem1, Rodrigo Saar Gomes1, Fernanda Dias Tomé1
1Department of Biosciences and Technology , Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health (IPTSP), Federal University of Goias (UFG), Rua 235, s/n.º - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
|January 6, 2023
Summary
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is a common soft tissue filler. This study found PMMA to be inert, showing no statistical differences in immune responses across various implantation depths in mice over 360 days.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Immunology
- Plastic Surgery
Background:
- Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is increasingly used as a facial soft tissue filler.
- Adverse reactions to PMMA fillers are linked to immune and inflammatory responses.
- Understanding PMMA's immunogenicity is crucial for patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunogenic profile of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) when implanted in different anatomical planes in a murine model.
- To assess the long-term biocompatibility of PMMA over 360 days.
- To investigate the inflammatory response to PMMA at varying concentrations and depths.
Main Methods:
- BALB/c mice were used, with PMMA implanted subcutaneously (2%), intramuscularly (10%), and periosteally (30%).
- Groups were evaluated at 7, 30, 90, 180, and 360 days post-implantation.
- Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-gamma, TNF, IL-17A, IL-10, TGF-beta) were quantified.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant differences were observed in the evaluated immune parameters across all experimental groups.
- Cytokine levels remained consistent, indicating a lack of significant inflammatory or immune reaction to PMMA.
- PMMA demonstrated inert behavior regardless of implantation depth or concentration.
Conclusions:
- Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) exhibits an inert profile in a murine model, irrespective of implantation depth.
- The study suggests PMMA is biocompatible and does not elicit a significant immune or inflammatory response.
- Findings support the safety of PMMA as a soft tissue filler in aesthetic procedures.
